Urinary tract infection in the setting of vesicoureteral reflux [version 1; referees: 2 approved]

Vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) is the most common underlying etiology responsible for febrile urinary tract infections (UTIs) or pyelonephritis in children. Along with the morbidity of pyelonephritis, long-term sequelae of recurrent renal infections include renal scarring, proteinuria, and hypertension. Treatment is directed toward the prevention of recurrent infection through use of continuous antibiotic prophylaxis during a period of observation for spontaneous resolution or by surgical correction. In children, bowel and bladder dysfunction (BBD) plays a significant role in the occurrence of UTI and the rate of VUR resolution. Effective treatment of BBD leads to higher rates of spontaneous resolution and decreased risk of UTI. Andrew J. Kirsch ( ) Corresponding author: [email protected] Garcia-Roig ML and Kirsch AJ. How to cite this article: Urinary tract infection in the setting of vesicoureteral reflux [version 1; referees: 2 2016, (F1000 Faculty Rev):1552 (doi: ) approved] F1000Research 5 10.12688/f1000research.8390.1 © 2016 Garcia-Roig ML and Kirsch AJ. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Copyright: Creative Commons Attribution , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Licence The author(s) declared that no grants were involved in supporting this work. Grant information: Competing interests: The author(s) declare that they have no disclosures. 30 Jun 2016, (F1000 Faculty Rev):1552 (doi: ) First published: 5 10.12688/f1000research.8390.1 Referee Status: